Genetic Switches Found in Aggressive Ovarian Cancer

OCRA-funded researchers discovered unique genetic switches in ovarian tumors and identified three potential drug targets for aggressive cancer forms. These findings also highlighted the role of the enzyme UCHL1, which may lead to new targeted therapies. Additionally, the antibiotic novobiocin was found effective against tumors with BRCA mutations, even those resistant to PARP inhibitors. These discoveries pave the way for more precise and effective ovarian cancer treatments.

In 2021, the Ovarian Cancer Research Alliance (OCRA) grantees made significant discoveries advancing the understanding, prevention, and treatment of ovarian cancer. They identified unique genetic switches linked to ovarian tumors and pinpointed three potential drug targets for aggressive ovarian cancers. Research revealed how certain cells contribute to immunotherapy resistance, with targeting specific signaling pathways improving tumor response to immunotherapy. A key enzyme, UCHL1, was discovered, which may help develop future therapies through targeted inhibitors. Scientists found a potential “Achilles’ Heel” in ovarian cancer cells and a new biomarker that could lead to more targeted treatments.

Another breakthrough showed that the antibiotic novobiocin can kill tumor cells with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, including those resistant to PARP inhibitors, offering hope for resistant cases. Combining CDK9 inhibition with PP2A activation enhanced anti-cancer effects in preclinical models, suggesting new transcription-based therapies. Vulnerabilities were discovered in cancer cells with ARID1A mutations, opening new treatment pathways for ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Additionally, potential biomarkers were identified in subgroups of high-grade serous ovarian cancer to aid targeted therapy development.

OCRA-supported research was published in top journals such as Lancet Oncology, New England Journal of Medicine, and Cancer Discovery, highlighting the high impact of these findings. The discoveries also emphasized the importance of increased genetic testing and counseling, especially among high-risk Black women, addressing health disparities. These advances collectively pave the way for improved diagnostic tools, personalized treatments, and better outcomes for ovarian cancer patients.

Ovarian Cancer Research Alliance

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